Iconic memory is a short-lasting, detailed representation of a brief visual image. We measured iconic memory in the perception of monkeys and its neuronal correlates in the primary visual cortex. We determined how many milliseconds extra viewing time iconic memory is worth and how it decays by varying the duration of a brief stimulus and the timing of a mask. The V1 activity that persists after the disappearance of a stimulus predicted accuracy, with a time course resembling the worth and decay of iconic memory. Our results relate iconic memory to neuronal activity in early visual cortex.
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