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Genetic risk for insomnia is associated with objective sleep measures in young and healthy good sleepers

Onderzoeksgroep Van Someren
Publicatiejaar 2022
Gepubliceerd in Neurobiology of Disease
Auteur(s) Ekaterina Koshmanova, Vincenzo Muto, Daphne Chylinski, Charlotte Mouraux, Mathilde Reyt, Martin Grinard, Puneet Talwar, Erik Lambot, Christian Berthomier, Marie Brandewinder, Nasrin Mortazavi, Christian Degueldre, André Luxen, Eric Salmon, Michel Georges, Fabienne Collette, Pierre Maquet, Eus Van Someren, Gilles Vandewalle

Insomnia disorder (ID) is the second most common neuropsychiatric disorder. Its socioeconomic burden is enormous while diagnosis and treatment are difficult. A novel approach that reveals associations between insomnia genetic propensity and sleep phenotypes in youth may help understand the core of the disease isolated from comorbidities and pave the way for new treatments. We obtained quantitative nocturnal sleep electroencephalogram (EEG) features in 456 participants (18-31y, 49 women). Sleep EEG was recorded during a baseline night following at least 7 days of regular sleep times. We then assessed daytime sleep onset latency in a subsample of N = 359 men exposed to manipulations affecting sleep pressure. We sampled saliva or blood for polygenic risk score (PRS) determination. The PRS for ID was computed based on genome-wide common single nucleotide polymorphism assessments. Participants also completed a battery of behavioral and cognitive tests. The analyses revealed that the PRS for ID was negatively associated with cumulated EEG power in the delta (0.5-4 Hz) and theta (4-8 Hz) bands across rapid eye movement (REM) and non-REM sleep (p ≤ .0026; β ≥ -0.13) controlling for age, sex and BMI. The PRS for ID Powered by Editorial Manager® and ProduXion Manager® from Aries Systems Corporation was also negatively associated with daytime likelihood of falling asleep (β = -0.19, p = .0009). Other explorations for associations with non-baseline-nights, cognitive measures, and mood did not yield significant results. These results propose that the need or the ability to fall asleep and to generate slow brain activity during sleep may constitute the core sleep-related risk factors for developing ID.

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